What is the role of helper T cells in the immune response?

Helper T cells, also known as CD4+ T cells, play a crucial role in the immune response by activating and regulating other immune cells. Their primary function is to recognize antigens presented by antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and subsequently release cytokines that stimulate the activity of various immune components. This includes enhancing the activation of cytotoxic T cells, which are responsible for directly killing infected or cancerous cells, as well as aiding in the function of B cells, which produce antibodies.

In addition to their activation role, helper T cells also help orchestrate the immune response by coordinating the actions of different immune cells, thereby ensuring an effective and balanced response to pathogens. This ability to activate other immune cells underlines the central role of helper T cells in both the cellular and humoral immunity components of the immune system.