Which organ-specific autoimmune disorder is associated with kidney issues?

Goodpasture syndrome is the correct association with kidney issues among the listed autoimmune disorders. This condition primarily affects the kidneys and the lungs, characterized by the presence of anti-glomerular basement membrane antibodies. The immune system mistakenly attacks the collagen in the basement membrane of these organs, leading to glomerulonephritis, which is inflammation of the kidney's filtering units, and pulmonary hemorrhage. The result can be a rapid decline in kidney function and potential lung complications, making it a specific autoimmune disorder impacting both organs.

The other listed disorders, such as Graves disease, are primarily associated with the thyroid gland, leading to hyperthyroidism; Guillain-Barré syndrome mainly affects the peripheral nervous system; and Myasthenia gravis targets the communication between nerves and muscles, resulting in muscle weakness. None of these directly involve the kidneys, which highlights Goodpasture syndrome's unique connection to renal issues.