Which type of hypersensitivity reaction is associated with rheumatoid arthritis?

Rheumatoid arthritis is primarily associated with immune complex hypersensitivity reactions. In this type of hypersensitivity, immune complexes formed by the binding of antibodies to soluble antigens deposit in various tissues, leading to chronic inflammation and tissue damage. In rheumatoid arthritis, these immune complexes accumulate in the synovial lining of joints, triggering an inflammatory response that ultimately results in the characteristic symptoms of joint swelling, pain, and stiffness.

The immune response in rheumatoid arthritis involves not only the presence of these immune complexes but also the involvement of other immune cells and inflammatory mediators, contributing to the autoimmune nature of the condition. The chronic nature of the inflammation often leads to the formation of pannus tissue, which can cause further destruction of joint cartilage and bone.

Recognizing this type of hypersensitivity is key in understanding the pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis and its management. The role of immune complexes is central to the progression of the disease, influencing treatment strategies aimed at reducing inflammation and preventing joint damage.