Which vaccine may cause intussusception in children?

The vaccine that may cause intussusception in children is the rotavirus vaccine. Intussusception is a condition where a part of the intestine telescopes into another section, which can lead to obstruction and require surgical intervention.

The rotavirus vaccine is developed to prevent rotavirus infections, which are a leading cause of severe diarrhea and dehydration in young children. During clinical trials and post-marketing surveillance, a small but notable association between the rotavirus vaccine and intussusception was observed. This led to recommendations for monitoring and informing parents about the potential risk, even though the incidence of intussusception following vaccination is still very low compared to the benefits of vaccination against rotavirus.

In contrast, the other vaccines listed do not have established associations with intussusception. The hepatitis vaccine protects against liver disease, the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine prevents three distinct viral infections, and the diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis (DTaP) vaccine protects against bacterial infections. Each of these vaccines has a distinct safety profile and side effect profile, none of which prominently includes intussusception as a risk factor.