Which virus is primarily responsible for causing infectious mononucleosis?

The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is primarily responsible for causing infectious mononucleosis, which is often referred to as "mono." EBV is a member of the herpesvirus family and is one of the most common viruses found in humans. It is transmitted through saliva, which is why the condition is sometimes called the "kissing disease."

Once a person is infected, EBV remains dormant in the body for life. The symptoms of infectious mononucleosis typically include fatigue, fever, sore throat, and swollen lymph nodes. The immune response to the virus contributes to these symptoms, as the body recognizes and fights the infection.

The other viruses listed do not typically cause infectious mononucleosis: parvovirus is known for causing fifth disease in children; rotavirus primarily leads to severe diarrhea in infants and children; and coronaviruses are primarily associated with respiratory infections, including illnesses like the common cold and COVID-19. This specificity of EBV to infectious mononucleosis highlights its role as the causative agent in this particular condition.